Döner kebab in Germany: a culinary love affair (2024)

Food & Drink

The döner kebab is one of Germany’s most beloved post-party foods. Sink your teeth into its Turkish origins, how it came to Berlin, and how it became a national phenomenon.

Döner kebab in Germany: a culinary love affair (1)

Döner kebab in Germany: a culinary love affair (2)

By Bettina Borg

Updated 13-6-2024

German cuisine is brimming with iconic dishes. Whether it’s Bratwurst, pretzels, or world-class German beer, the country has an impressive culinary scene. One of the most popular foods, however, remains the döner kebab. A flatbread with rotisserie-cut meat and vegetables, döner is a quintessential German food. But how did this originally Turkish meal make its way to Berlin and earn the legacy it has today?

Before you go and buy one for yourself, read on to learn how the döner kebab has taken Germany by storm:

  • What is döner kebab in Germany?
  • When the döner came to Germany
  • The döner kebab today
  • Useful resources

Allianz Travel

If you’re planning to travel, make sure you’re covered for costs of cancellation and other interruptions with Allianz Travel. They offer a range of products, including travel insurance, incoming health insurance, and rental vehicle insurance. With 24/7 emergency contact available, Allianz Travel are there wherever you need them.

What is döner kebab in Germany?

The first appearance of the popular snack was in the Ottoman Empire, back in the 17th century. Originally, seasoned meat was pierced onto a horizontal spit which was rotated atop a flame. This is where the famous name comes from: ‘döner’ means ‘to turn around’ in Turkish.

The spit went from horizontal to vertical in Bursa in modern-day Türkiye around the 1850s, a change that was highly successful. The method was used to serve İskender kebap. İskender is a dish of thinly sliced lean lamb topped with tomato sauce served over pieces of bread. This is then drizzled with yogurt and butter on top.

Döner kebab in Germany: a culinary love affair (4)

You can still order İskender today in Germany. Many servers drizzle the tomato sauce on the kebab in front of the customer for their entertainment.

Due to its success, the new vertical method to make İskender kebab began to spread across Türkiye’s borders. It made its way across the Middle East and developed into the popular shawarma (meat roasted on a cone-shaped spit and cut in thin slices). Additionally, with the population exchange between Greece and Türkiye in 1923, the idea also found its way to Greece and inspired today’s gyros (sliced meat cut from a rotisserie in pita bread).

When the döner came to Germany

The döner eventually found its way to Germany in the 1960s, where it traveled along with migrant workers to Berlin. Italians, Greeks, Spaniards, Moroccans, and of course, Turkish people came to Germany to remedy Germany’s worker shortage. Turkish men came in large numbers and their families also followed.

Once in Berlin, İskender enthusiasts wanted to give their fellow Turkish workers a slice of home. This time, the kebab was prepared in a more portable form. This took the form of a flatbread filled with marinated meat, abundant salad (salat komplett), and sauce – the classic döner known today.

Döner kebab in Germany: a culinary love affair (5)

LifestyleA guide to German beerRead more

The first person to take to the German streets to sell döner kebabs remains a debated issue. On one hand, Kadir Nurman is thought to be the mastermind behind döner in Germany. A guest worker from Türkiye, Nurman served kebabs from his stand near Bahnhof Zoo in the early 1970s. On the other hand, Mehmet Agyun, another Turkish cook living in Germany, is credited with being the first person to sell İskender kebab in flatbread.

To this day, it is unclear whether Nurman or Agyun is the original döner pioneer in Germany. What is clear, however, is that it didn’t take long for Germans to catch on to the Turkish food. The döner became one of the fastest-selling foods in Berlin and Germany as a whole. This was due to their large portion size and affordable prices.

The döner kebab today

The döner kebab has come very far from its humble origins in Bursa. In Berlin alone, there are over 1,000 outlets selling kebabs today. What’s more: an average of 400,000 kebabs are consumed every day in Germany (equating to 950 spits). The kebab has truly become a symbol of Berlin – even Germany’s ex-chancellor, Angela Merkel, has had her try at slicing one.

Döner kebab in Germany: a culinary love affair (6)

Döner cooks will also be happy to hear that they can be represented by an association of kebab manufacturers in Europe. The Association of Turkish Kebab Manufacturers in Europe (Avrupa Türk Döner Imalatçıları Dernegi, ATDiD) regulates the standard of döner kebab production throughout Germany. It also enables German and Turkish döner businesses to connect.

The kebab is also very versatile, with options available for both vegetarians and vegans around Germany. Although it is considered a late-night snack to indulge in after exploring Berlin’s nightlife, it is just as suitable to eat during the day when you’re out and about in the city. When it comes to Germany’s culinary scene, there’s no food quite like the döner kebab.

Useful resources

Related Articles

Food & Drink

Top 10 German foods – with recipes

Read More

About Germany

German cuisine: popular foods in Germany

Read More

Food & Drink

The best bars in Berlin you need to visit

Read More

Döner kebab in Germany: a culinary love affair (2024)

FAQs

Döner kebab in Germany: a culinary love affair? ›

In Germany, especially its capital, it is a more exalted affair. Every Berliner has a favoured Dönerladen. Many build family outings around them. The döner kebab (the umlaut is essential) long ago displaced currywurst as Berliners' fast food of choice.

Why do Germans love doner kebab? ›

At first, döner's popularity in Germany was probably due in large part to its convenience. By serving roasted meat in bread for cheap, kebab shops offered a perfect meal for busy workers on the go. Over time, the addition of toppings like onions, tomatoes, cabbage, and sauces helped the dish take off.

What does doner kebab mean in German? ›

The Turkish word döner comes from dönmek ("to turn" or "to rotate"), so the Turkish name döner kebap literally means "rotating roast". In German, it is spelled Döner Kebab; the sandwich is often called ein Döner.

What is different about a German doner kebab? ›

Origin: Turkish Döner Kebab is the original version, originating in Turkey. German Döner Kebab was developed by Turkish immigrants in Germany. Meat: In Turkey, Döner is often made from lamb or a mix of lamb and beef. In Germany, it's typically made from chicken or beef.

What kind of meat is doner? ›

The traditional doner kebab meat is lamb. Today, chicken, veal, turkey, and beef are cooked in the same manner, with a combination of veal leg meat, lamb meat, and lamb tail fat being a combination in Turkey. (Fatty cuts keep the meat moist and flavorful as it cooks on the rotisserie.)

Why is doner unhealthy? ›

"As a meal it brings together lean meat, wholemeal pitta bread, and it brings in vegetables in the form of salad. But doner kebabs tend to come smothered in dressings, which bring in a lot of fat and salt."

Why does doner meat taste so good? ›

The top secret behind the deliciousness of this tender meat is the blend of spices used in the preparation process. A carefully selected combination of spices is used in the preparation of doner meat to create its distinct flavour.

What's the difference between a kebab and a doner? ›

The main difference between a Döner Kebab and a Dürüm Kebab is the type of bread the meat is served in. The Döner has an open & stuffed Pitta bread as a traditional sandwich, the Dürüm is a thin wheat Tortilla rolled up on itself, but with the same ingredients.

What's the difference between a gyro and a German doner? ›

The main difference between döner and gyros has to do with the meat. Döner meat is made from lamb or pork, while gyros meat is usually made from lamb or chicken.

Is German doner kebab in America? ›

As of October 2023, the company has since opened 9 restaurants within the USA. GDK opened their first US restaurant at American Dream in New Jersey in October 2021.

What sauce is in German Doner Kebab? ›

Your choice of doner meats dressed in our signature garlic and yogurt sauces.

What bread do they use in German Doner Kebab? ›

Pide bread, also known as flatbread, Greek pita or pitta, is a soft, fluffy bread that is often used as a base for Turkish doner kebab. It has a round or oval shape and is traditionally baked in the oven. Pide bread is an important component of the classic doner kebab which is a popular take-away food in Germany.

Is doner similar to gyro? ›

Doner kebab is typically made from lamb and beef, while gyro is usually made from pork or chicken. Additionally, the marinade and seasoning used in the two dishes can vary, giving each dish its own unique flavor profile. However, the differences between these two dishes go beyond just the ingredients.

Why is doner meat so fatty? ›

The meat that doner kebabs are made from is minced lamb. Lamb is a very fatty meat so minced lamb is going to be fatty. However if a doner is cooked properly on a vertical spit then most of the fat is going to render out so the cooked meat shouldn't be fatty.

How to eat a kebab? ›

Traditionally, it's removed from the skewer on to a plate with bread (usually use the bread to pull it off), then you eat it with the bread - like Salwa described. You don't need a fork and knife because believe it or not, Kabab is traditionally a fast food meal. Traditionally, the bread is any type of flatbread.

Is doner kebab the same as shawarma? ›

The main shawarma-kebab difference lies in how the meat is cooked. For shawarmas, the meat is usually cooked using a rotisserie, while kebabs are prepared skewered. The doner or the kebab base is the only kind that resembles the classic shawarma.

Why do Europeans love kebab? ›

Especially Northern Europeans. They have a relatively colder climate and meat rather than vegetables has dominated their tables over centuries. So, it's not only a simple but also a familiar taste. Kebab can't be popular in Far Asia because of that.

Why is Turkish food so popular in Germany? ›

Authentic Movement: The prominence of Döner Kebab in Germany is intently attached to the historical backdrop of Turkish relocation to the country. During the 1960s and 1970s, Germany experienced critical work deficiencies, and the public authority enrolled Turkish visitor laborers to fill these holes.

How popular is German Doner Kebab? ›

Some two-million doner kebabs — meat wrapped in bread, topped with sauces and vegetables — are consumed a day in Germany, according to an industry association, quite a lot for a country of 83 million people.

Is döner kebab from Germany or Turkey? ›

The humble doner, made with thinly sliced meat cooked on a vertical rotisserie, has its origins in Turkey but is also beloved in Germany after being introduced there by Turkish migrants.

References

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Rev. Porsche Oberbrunner

Last Updated:

Views: 5478

Rating: 4.2 / 5 (53 voted)

Reviews: 84% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Rev. Porsche Oberbrunner

Birthday: 1994-06-25

Address: Suite 153 582 Lubowitz Walks, Port Alfredoborough, IN 72879-2838

Phone: +128413562823324

Job: IT Strategist

Hobby: Video gaming, Basketball, Web surfing, Book restoration, Jogging, Shooting, Fishing

Introduction: My name is Rev. Porsche Oberbrunner, I am a zany, graceful, talented, witty, determined, shiny, enchanting person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.