No pumpkin pie? The first Thanksgiving - Preservation Parks of Delaware County (2024)

No pumpkin pie? The first Thanksgiving - Preservation Parks of Delaware County (1)

  • November 21, 2018

By Rich Niccum, Education Services Manager
As we prepare for the Thanksgiving holiday I thought I would share some history and dispel some of the myths surrounding what we think of as the first Thanksgiving. In September 1620, about 120 men, women and children set sail aboard the Mayflower from England to the east coast of what is now New England. The ship they travelled on was not a plush passenger ship but a three-masted merchant ship designed to hold cargo and ill-equipped to carry people. There were no bathrooms or bath tubs, and conditions were less then sanitary and very uncomfortable for the 66-day journey. The ship eventually landed off the shores of Cape Cod, the site of present day Massachusetts.

That first winter was a tough one as they began building houses and other structures that would become their settlement. Most passengers stayed on the Mayflower while the first houses were built, and unsanitary conditions and cold weather contributed to disease that overtook many. By spring of 1621, more than half of the Pilgrims and crew had died from disease.

Squanto, a native American who had been kidnapped and taken to Europe before returning to North America, befriended the Pilgrims and acted as an interpreter and mediator between them and native people of the area. One tribe, the Wampanoag, would sign a treaty with the Pilgrims and help them adapt to the land and survive that first year.

In the Fall of 1621, the Pilgrims celebrated their first official harvest and the survival of their fledgling settlement. They invited the local Wampanoag to a three-day feast to celebrate and thank them for their help. Much food was shared, but it didn’t look anything like our Thanksgiving meal of today. Yes, they had turkey, but it was wild turkey and not our large domesticated kind. They most likely ate roasted duck and other fowl, including passenger pigeons, which were extremely plentiful. Here is a list of what was believed to be on the menu:

Roasted wild turkey, duck, goose, venison

Fish and eel covered with leaves and baked in coals

Shellfish including lobster, clams, mussels and oysters

Whole pumpkin, baked in coals and served with honey

Two or three other kinds of squash, cut in pieces and cooked in large kettles

Beans, peas and dried corn boiled in water

Corn meal, used to make corn bread and other flat iron breads

Acorns, hickory, walnuts and other nuts

Dried fruit including wild strawberries, raspberries, blueberries, grapes, cherries, cranberries and plums

Boiled corn meal, sometimes called gruel, served with honey

Beets, turnips, onions, garlic, radishes, mustard greens, mushrooms, carrots and wild leeks

NOT on the menu were potatoes, as white potatoes from South America and sweet potatoes form the Caribbean had not yet made it to North America. There also was no cranberry sauce, which would be another 50 years in the making. There would not have been stuffing as we know it today, although meat might have been stuffed with nut meat and seasonings. Wine was not served during the meal; instead, most drank good old water. And finally – without flour or a stove – there were no breads or pumpkin pies.

During their meals, the Pilgrims didn’t use forks, and only ate with spoons, knives and their fingers. Large cloth napkins were used: the men threw them over their shoulders to wipe their mouths and beards, while the women placed theirs in their laps. The best food was placed near the most important people, normally of highest social standing. Most didn’t sample all the foods but ate what was closest to them at the table.

So, while many of the customs and much of the food were very different from today, the spirit of the Thanksgiving meal has not changed. It is still a time for friends and family to gather around the table and reflect on what they are grateful for from the past year. So, take some time this Thanksgiving and think about what you are most thankful for in 2018. And take a moment to stop and think about what it might have been like to attend that first celebration in 1621. Happy Thanksgiving from Preservation Parks.

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No pumpkin pie? The first Thanksgiving - Preservation Parks of Delaware County (2024)

FAQs

Why wouldn t you find pumpkin pie on the first Thanksgiving table? ›

Both the Pilgrims and members of the Wampanoag tribe ate pumpkins and other squashes indigenous to New England—possibly even during the harvest festival—but the fledgling colony lacked the butter and wheat flour necessary for making pie crust.

What town canceled Thanksgiving because they couldn t make pumpkin pies? ›

Answer: Colchester, Connecticut

Thus, the townspeople decided to postpone the holiday for a week in 1705.

What food was missing from the first Thanksgiving feast? ›

It is also worth noting what was not present at the first Thanksgiving feast. There were no cloudlike heaps of mashed potatoes, since white potatoes had not yet crossed over from South America. There was no gravy either, since the colonists didn't yet have mills to produce flour.

Which of these foods was definitely not served at the first Thanksgiving in 1621? ›

And potatoes have become a staple of New England seafood meals as well. But back in 1621, they literally had no place at the table. Potatoes had only been introduced to Europe around 1570 when Spanish colonists brought them back after learning about them in South America.

What is the dark history of Thanksgiving? ›

"Thanksgiving day is a reminder of the genocide of millions of Native people, the theft of Native lands, and the relentless assault on Native culture," says the United American Indians of New England. They've marked the occasion as a day of mourning for 48 years, according to Native Hope.

When was pumpkin pie first introduced to Thanksgiving? ›

By the early 18th century, pumpkin pie earned its spot at the Thanksgiving table as the New England holiday grew in popularity. Thanksgiving as a holiday gave thanks for a bountiful autumn harvest with an annual feast. It became an important holiday in colonial New England – and pumpkin pie was a staple.

What does pumpkin pie symbolize? ›

Pumpkin pie, an international symbol of harvest time, is a favorite dessert, especially in the United States and Canada, but also in Northern Italy, between Halloween and Christmas.

Were pumpkins served at the first Thanksgiving? ›

The first Thanksgiving banquet consisted of foods like venison, bean stew and hard biscuits. And while corn and pumpkin had their place on the table, they hardly resembled the cornbread stuffing and pumpkin pie we feast on today.

What town canceled Thanksgiving? ›

In 1705, the town of Colchester, Connecticut canceled Thanksgiving because they couldn't make pumpkin pies. The river had frozen over, leaving their import of liquid sugar inaccessible.

What were the 3 unlikely foods that were eaten at the first Thanksgiving? ›

Well certainly not what we eat at Thanksgiving. They ate fish, corn, venison, and no pumpkin pie. Pumpkin pie would have required sugar, that was in a very limited amount. There would have been bread, but not the way we see it today.

What really happened at the first Thanksgiving feast in 1621? ›

Massasoit sent some of his own men to hunt deer for the feast and for three days, the English and native men, women, and children ate together. The meal consisted of deer, corn, shellfish, and roasted meat, different from today's traditional Thanksgiving feast. They played ball games, sang, and danced.

What did the Pilgrims really eat on the first Thanksgiving? ›

So, to the question “What did the Pilgrims eat for Thanksgiving,” the answer is both surprising and expected. Turkey (probably), venison, seafood, and all of the vegetables that they had planted and harvested that year—onions, carrots, beans, spinach, lettuce, and other greens.

What did pilgrims eat for breakfast? ›

Just like us today, the Pilgrims usually ate three meals a day. But how they ate these meals is a little different. Many people would “break fast” in the morning with a little bread and butter, or cheese, or something left from the day before.

What are three items that were most likely on the first Thanksgiving menu but probably aren't on most menus today? ›

First Thanksgiving Meal

The dinner was most likely duck, venison, or seafood for the meat, and cabbage, onions, corn and squash for the sides. The only thing that might be the same now is eating pumpkins, however not pumpkin pie.

Did they have apple pie at the first Thanksgiving? ›

Apple pie, for example, wouldn't have been there because apples' botanical origin is in central Asia. They had barely been brought to the Americas by the time of the 1621 feast.

Did the Pilgrims have pumpkin pie at the first Thanksgiving? ›

Pilgrims liked pumpkins. According to accounts, they used to hollow them out, fill them with milk and honey to make a custard, and then roast the orange orbs in hot ashes. But when it came to making pies, the Pilgrims were essentially out of luck.

Did they have pie at the first Thanksgiving? ›

In fact, the first recorded instance of a pumpkin pie recipe, called “Tourte of Pumpkin,” came in a 1653 English cookbook. And contrary to popular belief, pumpkin pie was not a part of the first Thanksgiving. They weren't even a popular staple at American Thanksgivings until the later 19th century.

What was on the original Thanksgiving menu? ›

But according to the two only remaining historical records of the first Thanksgiving menu, that meal consisted of freshly killed deer, assorted wildfowl, cod, bass, and flint, and a native variety of corn harvested by the Native Americans, which was eaten as corn bread and porridge.

What was the first Thanksgiving really like? ›

Massasoit sent some of his own men to hunt deer for the feast and for three days, the English and native men, women, and children ate together. The meal consisted of deer, corn, shellfish, and roasted meat, different from today's traditional Thanksgiving feast. They played ball games, sang, and danced.

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